Destruction and Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents

被引：839

作者：

Kim, Kibong ^{[1
]}

Tsay, Olga G. ^{[1
]}

Atwood, David A. ^{[2
]}

Churchill, David G. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Mol Log Gate Lab, Taejon 305701, South Korea

[2] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA

来源：

CHEMICAL REVIEWS | 2011年 / 111卷 / 09期

基金：

新加坡国家研究基金会;

关键词：

LIQUID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; ORGANOPHOSPHATE NERVE AGENTS; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ISOPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONOFLUORIDATE SARIN; WAVE GAS SENSOR; 2,4-DINITROPHENYL DIETHYL PHOSPHATE; ASSEMBLED COMPOSITE MONOLAYER; NANOCRYSTALLINE METAL-OXIDES; HYDROGEN BOND ASSOCIATION; ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETER;

D O I：

10.1021/cr100193y

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

The destruction and detection methods for the chemical warfare agents are examined. Acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is the most well-known mode of action of nerve agents. When nerve impulses reach a nerve ending, acetylcholine is released from the terminals of presynaptic nerves into the synaptic or neuromuscular junction and binds to the ACh receptor site on the postsynaptic membrane, thereby causing stimulation of the nerve fibers or muscles. Enzymatic hydrolysis involves nucleophilic addition and acid-based reactions at the catalytic site of the enzyme that involves a catalytic triad. Neutralization with aqueous NaOH at ambient temperature allows for the destruction of significant quantities of sarin (GB). VX and R-VX are completely hydrolyzed within 1-2 months at room temperature to nontoxic compounds in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of water. Peroxides are attractive reactants for decontamination because they are nontoxic and noncorrosive.

引用

页码：5345 / 5403

页数：59

共 691 条

[1]

Abel A. E., 1996, WO Patent, Patent No. 9718858

[2] Simultaneous analysis of sarin, pyridostigmine bromide and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine using HPLC [J].

Abu-Qare, W ;

Abou-Donia, B .

CHROMATOGRAPHIA, 2001, 53 (5-6) :251-255

[3] The application of the fluoride reactivation process to the detection of sarin and Soman nerve agent exposures in biological samples [J].

Adams, TK ;

Capacio, BR ;

Smith, JR ;

Whalley, CE ;

Korte, WD .

DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2004, 27 (01) :77-91

[4] Electrocatalysis of 2-Diethylaminoethanethiol at Nickel Nanoparticle-Electrodecorated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Platform: An Adsorption-Controlled Electrode Process [J].

Adekunle, Abolanle S. ;

Pillay, Jeseelan ;

Ozoemena, Kenneth I. .

ELECTROANALYSIS, 2008, 20 (23) :2587-2591

[5] INTERMOLECULAR HYDROGEN BOND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHENOL AND ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS [J].

AKSNES, G ;

GRAMSTAD, T .

ACTA CHEMICA SCANDINAVICA, 1960, 14 (07) :1485-1494

[6] Improved Vapor Sensitivity by Rationally Designing Fluorescent Turn-on Sensors [J].

Akthakul, Ariya ;

Maklakov, Natalia ;

White, Joel .

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 2010, 82 (15) :6487-6494

[7]

Albaret C, 1997, PROTEINS, V28, P543, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(199708)28:4<543::AID-PROT8>3.0.CO

[8]

2-A

[9] Application of two-dimensional H-1-P-31 inverse NMR spectroscopy to the detection of trace amounts of organophosphorus compounds related to the Chemical Weapons Convention [J].

Albaret, C ;

Loeillet, D ;

Auge, P ;

Fortier, PL .

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1997, 69 (14) :2694-2700

[10] Computational design of receptors for an organophosphate surrogate of the nerve agent soman [J].

Allert, M ;

Rizk, SS ;

Looger, LL ;

Hellinga, HW .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2004, 101 (21) :7907-7912

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →