Factors associated with the sleep of carers: A survey of New Zealanders supporting a family member with cognitive impairment or dementia

Sleep is important for healthy ageing. Data are limited concerning the sleep and health of New Zealand families affected by cognitive impairment or dementia. This postal survey asked about the sleep of 526 family carers and explored predictors of, and outcomes associated with poorer sleep. Linear and binominal logistic regression were used to identify independent predictors and outcomes of carers' sleep status. Using the Insomnia Severity Index, 23.5% of carers scored in the moderate-severe range and 43.0% in the mild range for sleep disturbance. More than a quarter indicated that their family member had difficulties falling asleep, getting up during the night, or waking too early. Over half of care recipients were considered to sleep too much during the day. Independent predictors for carers' reporting greater sleep disturbance included being female, caregiving at night, poorer self-rated health, and the care recipient having more disturbed sleep. Moderate-severe sleep disturbance was independently associated with poorer self-rated health and living standards, use of sleeping medications, as well as considering transitioning their family member into formal care within the year. These findings have implications for the wellbeing and trajectory of family carers as well as for health and aged care services.