Accident Rates for Drug-Dependent Patients in Treatment for Substance Dependence: A Pilot Trial

Objectives: To analyze accident rates among drug-dependent patients before and after treatment for substance dependence. Methods: Self-reported lifetime data and data from the year prior to the start of treatment were analyzed from a cohort including 53 drug-dependent patients, 48 men and 5 women, who had started treatment for substance dependence in an outpatient treatment center in Valladolid, Spain. We also obtained prospective information about treatment dropout and accident rates in the 3-month follow-up period after the start of drug-dependency treatment. Results: Twenty-two percent of drug-dependent patients had an accident in the year prior to starting treatment, and 64.2 percent had an accident in his or her lifetime. Road traffic accidents were the most frequent, with 11.3 percent of patients reporting at least one in the prior year and 45.3 percent reporting at least one road traffic accident in his or her lifetime. Furthermore, drug-dependent patients were frequently under the influence of drugs when driving (13.2%), as well as when performing dangerous activities at work (11.3%), at home (9.4%), and during sporting activities (5.7%) in the year prior to starting treatment. Of the 30 patients who were still undergoing treatment after 3 months, 2 had had accidents during this period (6.6%), one occurring at work and the other at home. Conclusions: Accident involvement, and especially involvement in road traffic accidents, was common among drug-dependent patients. Many accidents occurred in the year prior to treatment initiation. Furthermore, drug-dependent patients often undertook risky activities while under the influence of drugs. There is a need to implement accident prevention strategies, especially strategies that target road traffic accidents, in treatment programs for drug-dependent patients.