Oxidative stress and the antioxidant system in salivary glands of rats with experimental chronic kidney disease

Objective: This study aims to analyze the presence of oxidative stress and activity of the antioxidant system in the parotid and submandibular salivary glands of rats with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Design: Sixteen male wistar rats were divided into two groups (n = 8, each): control rats and rats with CKD. CKD was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine clearance were quantified. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, total antioxidant status, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide concentrations were assessed. Results: In CKD rats, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and proteinuria concentrations were increased, while creatinine clearance was reduced. In the submandibular gland, superoxide anion concentration was increased significantly (p < 0.05). Hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion concentrations were reduced in the parotid gland. CKD rats presented increased malondialdehyde concentration, total antioxidant status, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase activities only in the parotid gland (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Oxidative stress and changes in the antioxidant system were found in the parotid and submandibular salivary glands in an experimental model of CKD induced by 5/6 nephrectomy.