A Paralleling Broadcast Authentication Protocol or sparse RSUs in Internet of Vehicles

Since the era of Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) is coming in next few years, real-time data transmission between vehicles and road-side sensor nodes has many application scenarios. However, due to different characteristics of IoVs and WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks), real-time traffic data transmission is too complicated and slow when emergencies occurred in many RSUs-sparse (Road Side Units) areas. We build a simple integrated network model and propose a broadcast authentication protocol, namely Paralleling Broadcast Authentication Protocol (PBAP), aiming at enhance energy efficiency and providing network security in the direct communication between vehicles and WSNs. The simulation results demonstrate that the protocol can effectively extend lifetime of WSNs by improving the utilization rate of the keys and show nice properties in different channel loss ratio and different degrees of DOS attacks.