Conditionmonitoring of composite overwrap pressure vessels based on buckypaper sensor and MXene sensor

Composite overwrap pressure vessel (COPV) with their excellent specific properties and fatigue resistance are used for high-pressure storage of compressible liquid and gaseous fluids in aerospace industries. To predict the life of COPV or avoid disasters, MXene and buckypaper (BP) sensors are embedded in COPV to manufacture a smart structure that can help COPV to know its strain and pressurization state. Hydrostatic pressure tests are carried out. The changes in resistance measured by MXene and BP sensors are compared. The experimental results show MXene and BP sensors embedded in composite overwrap have the same sensitivity. But BP sensor is more sensitive to the initiation and propagation of microcrack in COPV than MXene sensor. For MXene and BP sensors embedded in the interface between the aluminum liner and composite overwrap, MXene is more sensitive to plastic deformation or compressive residual strains than BP sensor due to the different microstructure of the two kinds of the sensor. In a word, BP sensors are effective for real-time damage Condition monitoring of composite. MXene sensors are more suitable for the performance and structural health condition monitoring of aluminum liner.