Assessing member expertise in groups: An expertise dependence perspective

被引:19
作者
Barton, Michelle A. [1 ]
Bunderson, J. Stuart [2 ]
机构
[1] Boston Univ, Sch Management, Org Behav, Boston, MA 02215 USA
[2] Washington Univ, John M Olin Business Sch, Org Eth & Governance, St Louis, MO USA
关键词
Cognition/perception; expertise; groups/teams; mindfulness; motivation; TRANSACTIVE MEMORY-SYSTEMS; MEDICAL DECISION-MAKING; PROBLEM-SOLVING GROUPS; TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS; GROUP-PERFORMANCE; RELATIONSHIP CONFLICT; OUTCOME DEPENDENCY; HIGH-RELIABILITY; INDIVIDUATING PROCESSES; NEGATIVE EXPECTANCIES;
D O I
10.1177/2041386613508975
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
In contemporary organizations, the knowledge needed to perform work is frequently housed within groups. In order to effectively leverage this knowledge, however, groups must identify relative member expertise. Unfortunately, assessments of expertise in groups can be error-prone, given the human tendency to rely on efficient but noisy schemas and heuristics. The purpose of this paper is to consider the factors that lead to more mindful and, ultimately, more useful expertise attributions in task groups. We begin with the observation that mindful expertise attribution can be modeled as a motivation problem using expectancy theory. In order for group members to move beyond superficial expertise attributions, they must see value in doing so (valence) and they must feel that exerting that effort will be both possible (expectancy) and beneficial (instrumentality). We build on this basic observation to propose an "expertise dependence theory'' of mindful attributions in task groups.
引用
收藏
页码:228 / 257
页数:30
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