Gender differences, motivation, and empathic accuracy: When it pays to understand

被引:231
作者
Klein, KJK [1 ]
Hedges, SD [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Oregon, Dept Psychol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1177/0146167201276007
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Two studies of college students investigated the conditions under which women perform better than men on an empathic accuracy task (inferring the thoughts and feelings of a target person). The first study demonstrated that women's advantage held only when women were given a task assessing their feelings of sympathy toward the target prior to performing the empathic accuracy task. The second study demonstrated that payments in exchange for accuracy improved the performance of both men and women and wiped out any difference between men's and women's performances. Together, the results suggest that gender differences in empathic accuracy performance are the result of motivational differences and are not due to simple differences of ability between men and women.
引用
收藏
页码:720 / 730
页数:11
相关论文
共 33 条
[1]   Standing in my partner's shoes: Partner perspective taking and reactions to accommodative dilemmas [J].
Arriaga, XB ;
Rusbult, CE .
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN, 1998, 24 (09) :927-948
[2]   DISTRESS AND EMPATHY - 2 QUALITATIVELY DISTINCT VICARIOUS EMOTIONS WITH DIFFERENT MOTIVATIONAL CONSEQUENCES [J].
BATSON, CD ;
FULTZ, J ;
SCHOENRADE, PA .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, 1987, 55 (01) :19-39
[3]   ''I've been there, too'': Effect on empathy of prior experience with a need [J].
Batson, CD ;
Sympson, SC ;
Hindman, JL ;
Decruz, P ;
Todd, RM ;
Weeks, JL ;
Jennings, G ;
Burris, CT .
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN, 1996, 22 (05) :474-482
[4]   Perspective taking: Imagining how another feels versus imagining how you would feel [J].
Batson, CD ;
Early, S ;
Salvarani, G .
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN, 1997, 23 (07) :751-758
[5]   MEASUREMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ANDROGYNY [J].
BEM, SL .
JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1974, 42 (02) :155-162
[6]   CHANGING EMOTION NORMS IN MARRIAGE: Love and Anger in US Women's Magazines Since 1900 [J].
Cancian, Francesca M. ;
Gordon, Steven L. .
GENDER & SOCIETY, 1988, 2 (03) :308-342
[7]   EMPATHIC MEDIATION OF HELPING - 2-STAGE MODEL [J].
COKE, JS ;
BATSON, CD ;
MCDAVIS, K .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1978, 36 (07) :752-766
[8]   Models of the self: Self-construals and gender [J].
Cross, SE ;
Madson, L .
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN, 1997, 122 (01) :5-37
[9]   MAINTENANCE OF SATISFACTION IN ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS - EMPATHY AND RELATIONAL COMPETENCE [J].
DAVIS, MH ;
OATHOUT, HA .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1987, 53 (02) :397-410
[10]   MEASURING INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES IN EMPATHY - EVIDENCE FOR A MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH [J].
DAVIS, MH .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1983, 44 (01) :113-126