De novo Transcriptome Assembly and Comparison of C3, C3-C4, and C4 Species of Tribe Salsoleae (Chenopodiaceae)

被引:17
作者
Lauterbach, Maximilian [1 ,2 ]
Schmidt, Hanno [2 ,3 ]
Billakurthi, Kumari [4 ,5 ]
Hankeln, Thomas [2 ]
Westhoff, Peter [4 ,5 ]
Gowik, Udo [4 ,6 ]
Kadereit, Gudrun [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Mol Physiol, Mainz, Germany
[2] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Organism & Mol Evolutionary Biol, Mainz, Germany
[3] Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr SBiK F, Frankfurt, Germany
[4] Heinrich Heine Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Dev & Mol Biol Plants, Dusseldorf, Germany
[5] Cluster Excellence Plant Sci, Dusseldorf, Germany
[6] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Plant Evolutionary Genet, Inst Biol & Environm Sci IBU, Oldenburg, Germany
来源
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | 2017年 / 8卷
关键词
Caryophyllales; evolution; leaf; photorespiration; photosynthesis; RNA-Seq; Salsola; C4 PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; INTERMEDIATE PHOTOSYNTHESIS; GLYCINE DECARBOXYLASE; READ ALIGNMENT; AMINO-ACIDS; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; PHOTORESPIRATION; GENOME;
D O I
10.3389/fpls.2017.01939
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
C-4 photosynthesis is a carbon-concentrating mechanism that evolved independently more than 60 times in a wide range of angiosperm lineages. Among other alterations, the evolution of C-4 from ancestral C-3 photosynthesis requires changes in the expression of a vast number of genes. Differential gene expression analyses between closely related C-3 and C-4 species have significantly increased our understanding of C-4 functioning and evolution. In Chenopodiaceae, a family that is rich in C-4 origins and photosynthetic types, the anatomy, physiology and phylogeny of C-4, C-2, and C-3 species of Salsoleae has been studied in great detail, which facilitated the choice of six samples of five representative species with different photosynthetic types for transcriptome comparisons. mRNA from assimilating organs of each species was sequenced in triplicates, and sequence reads were de novo assembled. These novel genetic resources were then analyzed to provide a better understanding of differential gene expression between C-3, C-2 and C-4 species. All three analyzed C-4 species belong to the NADP-ME type as most genes encoding core enzymes of this C-4 cycle are highly expressed. The abundance of photorespiratory transcripts is decreased compared to the C-3 and C-2 species. Like in other C-4 lineages of Caryophyllales, our results suggest that PEPC1 is the C-4-specific isoform in Salsoleae. Two recently identified transporters from the PHT4 protein family may not only be related to the C-4 syndrome, but also active in C-2 photosynthesis in Salsoleae. In the two populations of the C-2 species S. divaricata transcript abundance of several C-4 genes are slightly increased, however, a C-4 cycle is not detectable in the carbon isotope values. Most of the core enzymes of photorespiration are highly increased in the C-2 species compared to both C-3 and C-4 species, confirming a successful establishment of the C-2 photosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, a function of PEP-CK in C-2 photosynthesis appears likely, since PEP-CK gene expression is not only increased in S. divaricata but also in C-2 species of other groups.
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页数:14
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