COVID-19 Transmission at Schools in Japan

被引：7

作者：

Akaishi, Tetsuya ^{[1
]}

Kushimoto, Shigeki ^{[2
]}

Katori, Yukio ^{[3
]}

Sugawara, Noriko ^{[4
]}

Igarashi, Kaoru ^{[5
]}

Fujita, Motoo ^{[6
]}

Kure, Shigeo ^{[4
]}

Takayama, Shin ^{[1
]}

Abe, Michiaki ^{[1
]}

Tanaka, Junichi ^{[1
]}

Kikuchi, Akiko ^{[1
]}

Abe, Yoshiko ^{[1
]}

Imai, Hiroyuki ^{[7
]}

Inaba, Yohei ^{[8
]}

Iwamatsu-Kobayashi, Yoko ^{[9
]}

Nishioka, Takashi ^{[10
]}

Onodera, Ko ^{[11
]}

Ishii, Tadashi ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Tohoku Univ Hosp, Dept Educ & Support Reg Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[2] Tohoku Univ, Div Emergency & Crit Care Med, Grad Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[3] Tohoku Univ, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Grad Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[4] Tohoku Univ, Dept Pediat, Grad Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[5] Tohoku Univ, Div Craniofacial Anomalies, Grad Sch Dent, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[6] Tohoku Univ Hosp, Dept Emergency & Crit Care Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[7] Tohoku Univ, Clin Skills Lab, Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[8] Tohoku Univ, Int Res Inst Disaster Sci, Dept Radiat Disaster Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[9] Tohoku Univ Hosp, Dept Dent Infect Control, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[10] Tohoku Univ, Liaison Ctr Innovat Dent, Grad Sch Dent, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[11] Tohoku Univ, Dept Gen Practitioner Dev, Grad Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

来源：

TOHOKU JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE | 2021年 / 255卷 / 03期

关键词：

basic reproduction number; coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); school; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); transmission model;

D O I：

10.1620/tjem.255.239

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a global public health concern in 2021. However, the risk of attending schools during the pandemic remains unevaluated. This study estimated the secondary transmission rate at schools using the results of a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) screening test performed between July 2020 and April 2021, before starting the nationwide mass vaccination. A total of 1,924 students (20 RT-PCR-positive; 1.0%) from 52 schools or preschools were evaluated, together with 1,379 non-adults (95 RT-PCR-positive; 6.9%) exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in non-school environments. Assuming that the infectious index cases were asymptomatic and the transmission at schools followed a Bernoulli process, we estimated the probability of transmission after each contact at school as approximately 0.005 (0.5% per contact) with the current infection prevention measures at schools in Japan (i.e., hand hygiene, physical distancing, wearing masks, and effective ventilation). Furthermore, assuming that all children are capable of carrying the infection, then contact between an index case and 20-30 students per day at schools would yield the expected value for secondary cases of >= 1.0, during the 10 days of the infectious period. In conclusion, with the current infection prevention measures at schools in Japan, secondary transmission at schools would occur in approximately every 200 contacts. When considering this rate, compliance with the current infection prevention measures at schools and early detection and quarantine of the index cases would be effective in preventing the spread of COVID-19 at schools.

引用

页码：239 / 246

页数：8

共 10 条

[1] Clusters of Coronavirus Disease in Communities, Japan, January-April 2020 [J].