Lipid droplets and lipid mediators in viral infection and immunity

被引:81
作者
Monson, Ebony A. [1 ]
Trenerry, Alice M. [2 ]
Laws, Jay L. [1 ]
Mackenzie, Jason M. [2 ]
Helbig, Karla J. [1 ]
机构
[1] La Trobe Univ, Sch Life Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3083, Australia
[2] Univ Melbourne, Peter Doherty Inst Infect & Immun, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
lipid droplets; immunity; lipid mediators; virus; infection; antiviral; HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; FOAM CELL-FORMATION; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; PROSTAGLANDIN E-2; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; CAPSID PROTEIN; IN-VIVO; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; INTRACELLULAR DOMAINS;
D O I
10.1093/femsre/fuaa066
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Lipid droplets (LDs) contribute to key pathways important for the physiology and pathophysiology of cells. In a homeostatic view, LDs regulate the storage of neutral lipids, protein sequestration, removal of toxic lipids and cellular communication; however, recent advancements in the field show these organelles as essential for various cellular stress response mechanisms, including inflammation and immunity, with LDs acting as hubs that integrate metabolic and inflammatory processes. The accumulation of LDs has become a hallmark of infection, and is often thought to be virally driven; however, recent evidence is pointing to a role for the upregulation of LDs in the production of a successful immune response to viral infection. The fatty acids housed in LDs are also gaining interest due to the role that these lipid species play during viral infection, and their link to the synthesis of bioactive lipid mediators that have been found to have a very complex role in viral infection. This review explores the role of LDs and their subsequent lipid mediators during viral infections and poses a paradigm shift in thinking in the field, whereby LDs may play pivotal roles in protecting the host against viral infection.
引用
收藏
页数:20
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