Soybean protein-derived peptides inhibit inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages via the suppression of TLR4-mediated MAPK-JNK and NF-kappa B activation

This study aimed to determine the effect of soybean protein-derived peptides (SBP) on the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation. The mRNA of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) were detected with RT-qPCR. The concentrations of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 beta) secreted were detected by ELISA Kit. The results indicated that SBP inhibited the inflammatory stress induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells. Western blot analysis was used to examine this anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism. The findings showed that SBP impeded the increase of toll-like receptor 4 activity by restricting LY96, while also inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase-c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in cells, as well as LPS-induced NF-kappa B activation caused by the degradation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (I kappa B alpha). Consequently, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 beta) was inhibited, preventing LPS-induced inflammation of RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, this research highlighted the potential application of SBP in the development of anti-inflammatory foods that prevented inflammatory-immune diseases. Practical applications Inflammation is the root cause of almost all pathology and is related to many human diseases, including arthritis, obesity, cancer and atherosclerosis. Therefore, the development of products that can regulate and intervene inflammation has a broad application prospect. Soybean protein and soybean peptide have many functional properties, including immunoregulation, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and so on. However, there are still some shortcomings in the development of soy protein supplements, such as solubility and absorption. Compared with soybean protein, derived peptide is easy to digest, and has high solubility. As a good nutritional supplement, the nutritional support of soybean protein-derived peptides may help to reduce inflammation and improve the level of cytokines combined with drugs.