This paper designs a high-speed data acquisition system special for the shockwave field, after a series of research on the data acquisition techniques. This paper discusses the high-speed data acquisition system based on the CPLD technology, describes the working principle and gives the explanation to the diagram of the construction, which is realized by the hardware circuit. The whole system comprises A/D conversion, memory circuit, the control logics based on the CPLD, and the data uploading by the USB interface. In the high-speed data acquisition system, the speeds of A/D converter and CPLD chips which compose the control logics are fast enough to match the requirement of 1M. The volume and the reliability could satisfy the demand of measurement special for the shockwave field.