Statistical Assessment of Sea-Surface Salinity from SMAP: Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and a Promising Red Sea Application

被引:17
作者
Menezes, Viviane V. [1 ]
机构
[1] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, 266 Woods Hole Rd,MS 21, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
关键词
sea-surface salinity; satellite; validation; Red Sea; mesoscale; eddy; SEASONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; FRESH-WATER BUDGETS; INDIAN-OCEAN; RIVER PLUME; VARIABILITY; HEAT; GULF; AQUARIUS; EDDIES; CYCLE;
D O I
10.3390/rs12030447
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Sea-surface salinity (SSS) is an essential climate variable connected to Earth's hydrological cycle and a dynamical component of ocean circulation, but its variability is not well-understood. Thanks to Argo floats, and the first decade of salinity remote sensing, this is changing. While satellites can retrieve salinity with some confidence, accuracy is regionally dependent and challenging within 500-1000 km offshore. The present work assesses the first four years of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite in the North Indian Ocean. SMAP's improved spatial resolution, better mitigation for radio-frequency interference, and land contamination make it particularly attractive to study coastal areas. Here, regions of interest are the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, and the extremely salty Red Sea (the last of which has not yet received attention). Six SMAP products, which include Levels 2 and 3 data, were statistically evaluated against in situ measurements collected by a variety of instruments. SMAP reproduced SSS well in both the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, and surprisingly well in the Red Sea. Correlations there were 0.81-0.93, and the root-mean-square difference was 0.38-0.67 for Level 3 data.
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页数:37
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