Characteristics, sources, and transport of aerosols measured in spring 2008 during the aerosol, radiation, and cloud processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) Project

被引：190

作者：

Brock, C. A. ^{[1
]}

Cozic, J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Bahreini, R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Froyd, K. D. ^{[1
,2
]}

Middlebrook, A. M. ^{[1
]}

McComiskey, A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Brioude, J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Cooper, O. R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Stohl, A. ^{[3
]}

Aikin, K. C. ^{[1
,2
]}

de Gouw, J. A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Fahey, D. W. ^{[1
,2
]}

Ferrare, R. A. ^{[4
]}

Gao, R-S. ^{[1
]}

Gore, W. ^{[5
]}

Holloway, J. S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Huebler, G. ^{[1
,2
]}

Jefferson, A. ^{[1
]}

Lack, D. A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Lance, S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Moore, R. H. ^{[6
]}

Murphy, D. M. ^{[1
]}

Nenes, A. ^{[6
]}

Novelli, P. C. ^{[1
]}

Nowak, J. B. ^{[1
,2
]}

Ogren, J. A. ^{[1
]}

Peischl, J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Pierce, R. B. ^{[7
]}

Pilewskie, P.

Quinn, P. K. ^{[8
]}

Ryerson, T. B. ^{[1
]}

Schmidt, K. S. ^{[9
]}

Schwarz, J. P. ^{[1
,2
]}

Sodemann, H. ^{[3
]}

Spackman, J. R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Stark, H. ^{[1
,2
]}

Thomson, D. S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Thornberry, T. ^{[1
,2
]}

Veres, P. ^{[1
,2
]}

Watts, L. A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Warneke, C. ^{[1
,2
]}

Wollny, A. G. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA

[2] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[3] Norsk Inst Luftforskning, Kjeller, Norway

[4] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA

[5] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA

[6] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[7] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Madison, WI USA

[8] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA

[9] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

来源：

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS | 2011年 / 11卷 / 06期

基金：

瑞士国家科学基金会;

关键词：

FOREST-FIRE PLUMES; LONG-TERM TRENDS; BLACK CARBON; AIR-POLLUTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SEA-ICE; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; AIRCRAFT MEASUREMENTS; AIRBORNE OBSERVATIONS; SOURCE ATTRIBUTION;

D O I：

10.5194/acp-11-2423-2011

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

We present an overview of the background, scientific goals, and execution of the Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) project of April 2008. We then summarize airborne measurements, made in the troposphere of the Alaskan Arctic, of aerosol particle size distributions, composition, and optical properties and discuss the sources and transport of the aerosols. The aerosol data were grouped into four categories based on gas-phase composition. First, the background troposphere contained a relatively diffuse, sulfate-rich aerosol extending from the top of the sea-ice inversion layer to 7.4 km altitude. Second, a region of depleted (relative to the background) aerosol was present within the surface inversion layer over sea-ice. Third, layers of dense, organic-rich smoke from open biomass fires in southern Russia and southeastern Siberia were frequently encountered at all altitudes from the top of the inversion layer to 7.1 km. Finally, some aerosol layers were dominated by components originating from fossil fuel combustion. Of these four categories measured during ARCPAC, the diffuse background aerosol was most similar to the average springtime aerosol properties observed at a long-term monitoring site at Barrow, Alaska. The biomass burning (BB) and fossil fuel layers were present above the sea-ice inversion layer and did not reach the sea-ice surface during the course of the ARCPAC measurements. The BB aerosol layers were highly scattering and were moderately hygroscopic. On average, the layers produced a noontime net heating of similar to 0.1K day(-1) between 3 and 7 km and a slight cooling at the surface. The ratios of particle mass to carbon monoxide (CO) in the BB plumes, which had been transported over distances >5000 km, were comparable to the high end of literature values derived from previous measurements in wildfire smoke. These ratios suggest minimal precipitation scavenging and removal of the BB particles between the time they were emitted and the time they were observed in dense layers above the sea-ice inversion layer.

引用

页码：2423 / 2453

页数：31

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