The HOSTS Survey for Exozodiacal Dust: Observational Results from the Complete Survey

被引：95

作者：

Ertel, S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Defrere, D. ^{[3
]}

Hinz, P. ^{[2
]}

Mennesson, B. ^{[4
]}

Kennedy, G. M. ^{[5
]}

Danchi, W. C. ^{[6
]}

Gelino, C. ^{[4
]}

Hill, J. M. ^{[1
]}

Hoffmann, W. F. ^{[2
]}

Mazoyer, J. ^{[4
]}

Rieke, G. ^{[2
]}

Shannon, A. ^{[7
,8
,9
]}

Stapelfeldt, K. ^{[4
]}

Spalding, E. ^{[2
]}

Stone, J. M. ^{[2
]}

Vaz, A. ^{[2
]}

Weinberger, A. J. ^{[10
]}

Willems, P. ^{[4
]}

Absil, O. ^{[3
]}

Arbo, P. ^{[2
]}

Bailey, V. P. ^{[4
]}

Beichman, C. ^{[11
]}

Bryden, G. ^{[4
]}

Downey, E. C. ^{[2
]}

Durney, O. ^{[2
]}

Esposito, S. ^{[12
]}

Gaspar, A. ^{[2
]}

Grenz, P. ^{[2
]}

Haniff, C. A. ^{[13
]}

Leisenring, J. M. ^{[2
]}

Marion, L. ^{[3
]}

McMahon, T. J. ^{[2
]}

Millan-Gabet, R. ^{[11
]}

Montoya, M. ^{[2
]}

Morzinski, K. M. ^{[2
]}

Perera, S. ^{[2
,14
]}

Pinna, E. ^{[12
]}

Pott, J-U ^{[14
]}

Power, J. ^{[1
]}

Puglisi, A. ^{[12
]}

Roberge, A. ^{[6
]}

Serabyn, E. ^{[4
]}

Skemer, A. J. ^{[15
]}

Su, K. Y. L. ^{[2
]}

Vaitheeswaran, V. ^{[2
]}

Wyatt, M. C. ^{[16
]}

机构：

[1] Large Binocular Telescope Observ, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[2] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Steward Observ, 993 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[3] Univ Liege, Space Sci Technol & Astrophys Res STAR Inst, Liege, Belgium

[4] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA

[5] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[6] NASA, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[7] PSL Res Univ, Observ Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite, LESIA,Sorbonne Univ,Univ Paris Diderot,CNRS, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France

[8] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, State Coll, PA 16801 USA

[9] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, State Coll, PA 16801 USA

[10] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, 5241 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA

[11] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[12] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy

[13] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England

[14] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[15] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[16] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

来源：

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL | 2020年 / 159卷 / 04期

基金：

美国国家航空航天局; 英国科学技术设施理事会;

关键词：

Exozodiacal dust; Debris disks; Habitable zone; Habitable planets; MEAN-MOTION RESONANCES; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; P-R DRAG; DEBRIS DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL; CALIBRATOR STARS; EXO-ZODI; INNER; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-3881/ab7817

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) enables nulling interferometric observations across the N band (8 to 13 mu m) to suppress a star's bright light and probe for faint circumstellar emission. We present and statistically analyze the results from the LBTI/Hunt for Observable Signatures of Terrestrial Systems survey for exozodiacal dust. By comparing our measurements to model predictions based on the solar zodiacal dust in the N band, we estimate a 1 sigma median sensitivity of 23 zodis times the solar system dust surface density in its habitable zone (HZ; 23 zodis) for early-type stars and 48 zodis for Sun-like stars, where 1 zodi is the surface density of HZ dust in the solar system. Of the 38 stars observed, 10 show significant excess. A clear correlation of our detections with the presence of cold dust in the systems was found, but none with the stellar spectral type or age. The majority of Sun-like stars have relatively low HZ dust levels (best-fit median: 3 zodis, 1 sigma upper limit: 9 zodis, 95% confidence: 27 zodis based on our N band measurements), while similar to 20% are significantly more dusty. The solar system's HZ dust content is consistent with being typical. Our median HZ dust level would not be a major limitation to the direct imaging search for Earth-like exoplanets, but more precise constraints are still required, in particular to evaluate the impact of exozodiacal dust for the spectroscopic characterization of imaged exo-Earth candidates.

引用

页数：18

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