Minocycline hydrochloride-loaded graphene oxide films on implant abutments for peri-implantitis treatment in beagle dogs

Background Dental implant failures still occur because of peri-implant diseases such as peri-implantitis. The objective of this study was to treat peri-implantitis in beagle dogs by fabricating minocycline hydrochloride (MH)-loaded graphene oxide (GO) films on implant abutment surfaces. Methods Beagle dogs with silk ligature were used to establish the peri-implantitis model. Modified sulcus bleeding index, peri-implant probing pocket depth, radiographic evaluation, micro-CT tomography analysis, and histological evaluation were determined to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MH-loaded GO films on abutment surfaces for peri-implantitis. Results Radiographic and micro-CT analysis showed that lots of marginal bone loss could be found on Ti and MH/Ti groups, especially for Ti group. Little bone less could be seen on GO/Ti group while bone less on MH/GO/Ti group was negligible. Results of the histological analysis presented that lots of neutrophils could be found on Ti and MH/Ti groups. However, almost none of the neutrophils could be observed on GO/Ti and MH/GO/Ti while lots of osteocytes could be found. Conclusion MH-loaded GO films on implant abutment surfaces could prevent the further development of peri-implantitis and exhibit good therapeutic effect for peri-implantitis in beagle dogs.