Nanoclay-based active food packaging systems: A review

Food products containing high moisture content are perishable and spoil rapidly, even under refrigerated conditions. Nanoclay-based active films and coatings are advanced solutions to extend the storage period of such food products. Nanoclays, along with bio-extracts and essential oils, have been incorporated into both bio-based and synthetic polymers to fabricate nanocomposites with enhanced barrier, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. The reinforcement of nanoclays effectively enhances the mechanical, barrier, and thermal properties of the films. The nanocomposite films incorporated with active agents, including essential oils, exhibit high antimicrobial efficacy against foodborne pathogens and prevent lipid oxidation. Food products (e.g., fresh eggs, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meat, and fish) packaged with active nanoclay-based films can extend the shelf life and retain the quality attributes. This extensive state-of-the-art review focuses on contemporary studies regarding the applications of nanoclay-based packaging systems in extending the shelf life of food products.