Immunopathological characterization of red focal changes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) white muscle

被引:14
作者
Bjorgen, Havard [1 ]
Kumar, Subramani [2 ]
Gunnes, Gjermund [1 ]
Press, Charles McL [1 ]
Rimstad, Espen [3 ]
Koppang, Erling Olaf [1 ]
机构
[1] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Fac Vet Med, Dept Basic Sci & Aquat Med, Oslo, Norway
[2] Anna Univ, Ctr Biotechnol, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
[3] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Fac Vet Med, Dept Food Safety & Infect Biol, Oslo, Norway
关键词
Atlantic salmon; Inflammation; Piscine orthoreovirus; INTERBRANCHIAL LYMPHOID-TISSUE; IMMUNE GENES; EXPRESSION; GILLS; PRV; L;
D O I
10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110035
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are prone to various conditions affecting the quality of the fillet. A wellknown but so far poorly understood condition is the focal red changes in muscle, often referred to as haemorrhages. Such changes are characterized by muscle necrosis, haemorrhages and acute inflammation. They can progress into focal melanised changes, a chronic inflammatory condition with melanin-producing leukocytes. The initial cause of intramuscular haemorrhages is unknown. In this study, we aimed to reveal some of their key immunological features. Samples of red focal changes were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH) and RT-qPCR for various immune markers. The results were compared with samples of melanised changes and control muscle, subjected to the same analyses. In all red changes, infiltrates with mononuclear cells were detected, consisting mostly of MHC class I/II+ cells, but also of CD3(+) and CD8(+) cells. ISH studies on IgM showed few to moderate amounts of B-cells in red focal changes. Trends in the RT-qPCR showed upregulation of genes related to innate immunity in the red changes, whereas genes related to adaptive immunity were upregulated in the melanised changes. An important result was the significant downregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 in all red changes. Our findings indicate that we can rule out an auto invasive nature of the changes. The downregulation of IL10 at an early phase is a trait for the condition.
引用
收藏
页数:9
相关论文
共 27 条
[1]   The interbranchial lymphoid tissue likely contributes to immune tolerance and defense in the gills of Atlantic salmon [J].
Aas, Ida Bergva ;
Austbo, Lars ;
Falk, Knut ;
Hordvik, Ivar ;
Koppang, Erling Olaf .
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY, 2017, 76 :247-254
[2]   Transcriptional Characterization of the T Cell Population within the Salmonid Interbranchial Lymphoid Tissue [J].
Aas, Ida Bergva ;
Austbo, Lars ;
Koenig, Melanie ;
Syed, Mohasina ;
Falk, Knut ;
Hordvik, Ivar ;
Koppang, Erling O. .
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 2014, 193 (07) :3463-3469
[3]   Transcriptional response of immune genes in gills and the interbranchial lymphoid tissue of Atlantic salmon challenged with infectious salmon anaemia virus [J].
Austbo, Lars ;
Aas, Ida Bergva ;
Konig, Melanie ;
Weli, Simon Chioma ;
Syed, Mohasina ;
Falk, Knut ;
Koppang, Erling Olaf .
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY, 2014, 45 (01) :107-114
[4]   Melanized focal changes in skeletal muscle in farmed Atlantic salmon after natural infection with Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) [J].
Bjorgen, Havard ;
Haldorsen, Randi ;
Oaland, Oyvind ;
Kvellestad, Agnar ;
Kannimuthu, Dhamotharan ;
Rimstad, Espen ;
Koppang, Erling Olaf .
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES, 2019, 42 (06) :935-945
[5]   Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) in red and melanised foci in white muscle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) [J].
Bjorgen, Havard ;
Wessel, Oystein ;
Fjelldal, Per Gunnar ;
Hansen, Tom ;
Sveier, Harald ;
Saebo, Hakon Rydland ;
Enger, Katrine Bones ;
Monsen, Eirik ;
Kvellestad, Agnar ;
Rimstad, Espen ;
Koppang, Erling Olaf .
VETERINARY RESEARCH, 2015, 46
[6]   Characterization of an anti-rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) CD3ε monoclonal antibody [J].
Boardman, T. ;
Warner, C. ;
Ramirez-Gomez, F. ;
Matrisciano, J. ;
Bromage, E. .
VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY, 2012, 145 (1-2) :511-515
[7]   Individual Monitoring of Immune Response in Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar following Experimental Infection with Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus (ISAV) [J].
Collet, Bertrand ;
Urquhart, Katy ;
Monte, Milena ;
Collins, Catherine ;
Perez, Sandro Garcia ;
Secombes, Chris J. ;
Hall, Malcolm .
PLOS ONE, 2015, 10 (09)
[8]   Inflammatory Muscle Diseases [J].
Dalakas, Marinos C. .
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 2015, 372 (18) :1734-1747
[9]   Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infects Atlantic salmon erythrocytes [J].
Finstad, Oystein Wessel ;
Dahle, Maria Krudtaa ;
Lindholm, Tone Haeg ;
Nyman, Ingvild Berg ;
Lovoll, Marie ;
Wallace, Christian ;
Olsen, Christel Moraeus ;
Storset, Anne K. ;
Rimstad, Espen .
VETERINARY RESEARCH, 2014, 45
[10]   Immunohistochemical detection of piscine reovirus (PRV) in hearts of Atlantic salmon coincide with the course of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) [J].
Finstad, Oystein Wessel ;
Falk, Knut ;
Lovoll, Marie ;
Evensen, Oystein ;
Rimstad, Espen .
VETERINARY RESEARCH, 2012, 43