Relationships between indoor allergens, sensitization, and allergic asthma and rhinitis symptoms

Introduction. - There is a strong and consistent association between immediate hypersensitivity, asthma and exposure to allergens. However, the role that the inhaled allergen plays and the timing of events related to sensitization are still controversial. Background. - Information obtained by studies of the follow-up of cohorts underlines the fact that there is no continuum between specific IgE responses and the development of childhood asthma. Allergic rhinitis and asthma result from a complex and multifactorial interaction between genetic factors, exposure to allergens, and many biological or chemical co-factors. However, when the child is exposed to an allergen, sensitization to the allergen is a risk factor for childhood asthma and severity of the disease. Conclusions and viewpoints. - Despite numerous epidemiological studies, the association and links between atopy, allergens, environment, sensitization and allergic rhinitis and/or asthma remain difficult to evaluate and poorly understood. Complementary studies are also necessary for the standardization of therapeutic strategies. (C) 2010 SPLF. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.