Metal Oxide Nanoparticle-Decorated Few Layer Graphene Nanoflake Chemoresistors for the Detection of Aromatic Volatile Organic Compounds

Benzene, toluene, and xylene, commonly known as BTX, are hazardous aromatic organic vapors with high toxicity towards living organisms. Many techniques are being developed to provide the community with portable, cost effective, and high performance BTX sensing devices in order to effectively monitor the quality of air. In this paper, we study the effect of decorating graphene with tin oxide (SnO2) or tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticles on its performance as a chemoresistive material for detecting BTX vapors. Transmission electron microscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy are used as morphological characterization techniques. SnO2-decorated graphene displayed high sensitivity towards benzene, toluene, and xylene with the lowest tested concentrations of 2 ppm, 1.5 ppm, and 0.2 ppm, respectively. In addition, we found that, by employing these nanomaterials, the observed response could provide a unique double signal confirmation to identify the presence of benzene vapors for monitoring occupational exposure in the textiles, painting, and adhesives industries or in fuel stations.