Towards an intelligent tutoring system architecture that supports remedial tutoring

For successful teaching to take place an intelligent tutoring system has to he able to cope with any student errors that may occur during a tutoring interaction. Remedial tutoring is increasingly viewed as a central part of the overall tutoring process, and recent research calls for adaptive remedial tutoring. This paper discusses the issues of remedial tutoring that have been proposed of implemented to support efficient remedial tutoring. These issues serve to uncover any underlying principles of remediation that govern remedial tutoring with intelligent tutoring systems. In order to incorporate these principles of remediation into intelligent tutoring systems development processes this paper continues with the development of a model that can be employed in the development of an intelligent tutoring system that is capable of offering remedial tutoring according to these principles. This model is a formalisation of remedial interventions with intelligent tutoring systems. To demonstrate how the model can be employed in developing an intelligent tutoring system, INTUITION, the implementation of an existing business simulation game, has been developed. This paper concludes with an illustration of how the model for remedial operations provides for remedial tutoring within INTUITION. The evaluation of INTUITION shows that the model for remedial operations is a useful method for providing efficient remedial tutoring.