ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF IRRIGATED WHEAT AND RAINFED WHEAT PRODUCTION: CASE STUDY FOR TOKAT REGION, TURKEY

The aim of this study was to determine the input-output energy consumption and to make a cost analysis of both irrigated wheat and rainfed wheat production in Tokat province (Turkey). The results showed that the amount of energy consumed in irrigated wheat production was 13 205.90 MJ ha(-1) and in rainfed wheat production was 14 134. 93 MJ ha(-1). In the surveyed farm holdings, the energy input-output ratio for the irrigated wheat was 3.80, while benefit-cost ratio was 0.81. The productivity of irrigated wheat was calculated to be 3.67. The energy input-output ratio for rainfed wheat was 2.51, while the benefit-cost ratio was 0.53. The productivity of rainfed wheat was calculated to be 2.43. About 77% of the total energy inputs used in irrigated wheat production was non-renewable, while only about 23% was renewable. The total energy input used in rainfed wheat production was non-renewable 75% and 25% renewable energy. This study suggested that diesel-oil and fertilizers were not efficiently used. Intensive input use in irrigated wheat and rainfed wheat raises some problems like environmental pollution and global warming