Intensification of Heat Transfer Rate in a Rectangular Channel Equipped with Pins, Using Non-Uniform Magnetic Field

In the present study, numerical simulation is used to evaluate the influence of the non-uniform magnetic field on the heat transfer of magnetic nanofluids inside a pinned channel. This article focused on the flow pattern and heat transfer of water-based nanofluids in the presence of a wire in a three-dimensional geometry. In this work, the fluid flow is laminar and constant heat flux is applied on the wall of the channel. A wire in various orientations, in comparison with the axis of the channel, generates the magnetic field. The base fluid is water and Nano-particles (Fe3O4 and Fe) add to base fluid with different volume concentrations (0, 0.5, 1%). The computational fluids dynamic is used to simulate the fluid motion and heat transfer. The results of numerical simulations were authorized with experimental data. Further investigations were done to explain the effect of various factors, such as intensity of the magnetic field, the geometric shape of pins, Reynolds number, and nanoparticle concentration on heat transfer rate. According to the results, average Nusselt number of ferrofluid increases more than 50% as it flows inside the channel in presence of magnetic field. The results also show that the Nusselt number rises as the volume concentration of the Nano-particles increase. In addition, heat transfer enhances with the increment of Reynolds number.