A framework for assessing cluster development

Clusters, especially those based in some way on technological innovation, have become a key concept in regional development. But precise measurement and assessment of the concept is difficult. This is particularly the case in regions where technological innovation has lagged significantly and where policy support has only recently expanded. This study examines the use of the "cluster" idea in seven industry groups in Maine defined by the state. An eight-element framework is proposed to describe cluster characteristics appropriate to these technology and industry-related groups. Based on extensive interviews with firms and other organizations, the strengths and weaknesses of cluster characteristics are identified. The role of clusters in the economy is also assessed by comparing cluster strength with market growth potential. The results show that none of the technology clusters currently has strong economic impact potential but that some could achieve that potential more quickly than would others.