Synthesis, characterization, and morphological control of CaCu3Ti4O12 through modify sol-gel method

This paper describes the synthesis of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) with different morphologies like nanoparticles and nanorod prepared through modifies sol-gel method by using different surfactants (CTAB, SDS, PVP, and PVA). This study aimed to investigate the effects of different surfactant such as CTAB, SDS, PVP, and PVA and chelate agent on the morphology, particle size, and crystal structure of final products. It was found that the size and morphology of the products could be greatly influenced by the aforementioned parameters. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the synthesis of CCTO nanostructure with different morphologies in the presence of oxalic acid as a chelate agent. The as-synthesized products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy, transmission electron microscope, and spectra energy dispersive analysis of X-ray techniques.