Winter and summer Hadley circulations over peninsular India as monitored by MST radar at Gadanki (13.47°N, 79.18°E)

The vertical velocity observed using the mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere (MST) radar at Gadanki (13.47 degreesN 79.18 degreesE), India, shows that downward motion prevails in the troposphere and lower stratosphere during both winter and summer. Zonal and meridional components of winds over the Gadanki region are compared with the Hadley circulation over the peninsular Indian region obtained from National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysed data. An anomalous northerly wind is observed in the lower troposphere over the radar station during summer monsoon months instead of southerlies according to the reverse Hadley cell theory. NCEP/NCAR reanalysed data show that this anomaly covers a large area around peninsular India. Copyright (C) 2001 Royal Meteorological Society.