The Energy Policy Act of 2005 encourages high-tech (HT) investments, which is less expensive and gets better utilization from the existing footprint. The nontraditional smart-grid transmission investment is in measuring equipment, software control systems, and controllable transmission assets like FACTS devices. The role of distributed generation including backup generators and electric cars could have a significant impact on transmission planning. Distributed generation lowers the need for high voltage transmission but requires smart-grid investments. HT control systems and more efficient consumption technology will mostly reduce overall demand.