Simulation is an efficient and cost-effective tool for decision-making and analyzing real-world systems and repetitive construction processes. Tunneling and trenchless construction processes are excellent candidates for the utilization of computer simulation due to their repetitive nature. This paper presents six simulation tools that have been developed over the last five years and implemented to plan and manage a range of several applications in underground infrastructure construction. The purpose of the tools, modeling framework, modeling logic, inputs, and outputs for tunneling, soil type prediction, sewer condition forecasting, pipeline routing, horizontal directional drilling, and trenchless pipe replacement are presented. The successful development and implementation of the tools presented in this paper further illustrate the usefulness of employing simulation for pre-planning and decision-making to reduce uncertainty inherent in construction projects involving underground infrastructure systems. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
