Optimization of Catalysts and Conditions in Gold(I) Catalysis-Counterion and Additive Effects

被引:167
作者
Lu, Zhichao [1 ]
Li, Tingting [2 ]
Mudshinge, Sagar R. [1 ]
Xu, Bo [2 ]
Hammond, Gerald B. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Louisville, Dept Chem, Louisville, KY 40292 USA
[2] Donghua Univ, Coll Chem Chem Engn & Biotechnol, Shanghai 201620, Peoples R China
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
ACID-BASE CATALYSIS; L-AU-X; CATIONIC GOLD; REACTION-MECHANISM; HIGHLY EFFICIENT; BRONSTED ACID; GENERAL ACID; GOLD(I)-CATALYZED HYDROALKOXYLATION; ENANTIOSELECTIVE HYDROAMINATION; REGIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS;
D O I
10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00713
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Gold catalysis has proven to be an important breakthrough for organic synthesis. The tunable nature of gold catalysts, the unique properties of gold, and the mild reaction conditions required in many gold-catalyzed reactions have all contributed substantially to this metal's popularity in catalysis. However, gold-catalyzed reactions still suffer from limitations such as low turnover numbers (TON). Optimization of the catalysts and reaction conditions may significantly improve the efficiency of gold-catalyzed reactions. In this review, we will present leading examples of counterion or additive-regulated gold catalysis from a mechanistic perspective. We will pay special attention to the physical properties of counterion/additive, such as gold affinity and hydrogen bond basicity, and discuss their effects on the reactivity of gold catalysts.
引用
收藏
页码:8452 / 8477
页数:26
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