A novel core-shell structure of silicon nanorods/carbon nanotubes (SiNRs/CNTs) is developed for use in field emission cathodes. The CNTs were synthesized on SiNRs, using the Ag-assisted electroless etching technique to form the SiNRs/CNT core-shell structure. This resulting SiNRs/CNT field emission cathode demonstrated improved field emission properties including a lower turn-on electric field E-on (1.3 V/mu m, 1 mu A/cm(2)), a lower threshold electric field E-th (1.8 V/mu m, 1 mA/cm(2)), and a higher enhancement factor beta (2347). These superior properties indicate that this core-shell structure of SiNRs/CNTs has good potential in field emission cathode applications.