Investigation of radiation-induced surface activation effect in austenitic stainless steel under ultraviolet and γ-ray irradiations

The radiation-induced surface activation (RISA) effect will be applied to the core design in supercritical light water reactor (SCWR) in order to achieve a high performance with excellent economy and safety. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the RISA effect in the candidate fuel cladding materials in SCWR such as PNC1520. The change of weldability due to RISA effect and the related microstructure analysis were performed in oxidized PNC1520 and 304 stainless steel with various oxidization periods. The phases contained in the surface oxide layer of the present specimen were identified as Fe2CrO4, gamma-Fe2O3, and Fe2O3. The lifetime of 13.8 days for wettability improving factor was confirmed in the ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Meanwhile, the long life of 13.8 days and short life of 0.8 days for wettability improving factors were identified in the gamma-ray irradiation. Based on the fact that the band gap energies of Fe2CrO4, gamma-Fe2O3, and Fe2O3 were, respectively, 2.1, 2.0, and 2.2 eV, and the photo energies of UV and gamma-ray irradiation were 4.48 eV and 13.3 MeV, it is therefore clarified that the hydrophilization on the oxide layer is ascribed to the RISA effect.