Similar cost for elective open and endovascular AAA repair in a population-based setting

Purpose: To compare cost differences between elective open repair (OR) and endovascular repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a population-based setting. Methods: Clinical data and hospital-related costs (pre-, peri-, and postoperative) were analyzed for 109 consecutive AAA procedures (98 men; mean age 73 years, range 48-95; mean aneurysm diameter 61 mm, range 42-120) performed from 2001 to 2005 (58 OR, 51 EVAR) in our primary catchment area. Data were obtained through case records and hospital accounting systems. Nonparametric bootstrap was used for cost comparison. Results: EVAR patients were older (76 versus 70 years, p<0.001) and had more comorbidities (ASA class 2.6 versus 2.3, p=0.025). OR patients more often had anatomically complex aneurysms (52% versus 14%, p<0.001). Comparison of data with diagnosis-based reimbursement levels nationally and internationally indicated adequate cost level in the study. No difference was observed in total cost between OR and EVAR ((sic)29,786 versus (sic)26,382; p=0.336). Preoperative cost was lower for OR compared to EVAR ((sic)661 versus (sic)1494, p=0.002). OR patients had higher cost of intensive care [36% ((sic)8921) of perioperative cost versus 7% (sic)1460), p=0.001], while EVAR had higher implant cost [36% (4(sic)7468) versus 2% ((sic)448), p<0.001]. Mean follow-up was 2.5 years (range 0.5-5.4). Mean postoperative cost was similar (OR (sic)4613 versus EVAR (sic)4403, p=0.209; 16% and 17% of total cost, respectively). Postoperative cost after OR was high early on, with lower cost thereafter. Postoperative cost after EVAR was more homogenously distributed, leveling off at (sic)500 to (sic)1000 annually over 5 years. Conclusion: In a population-based setting, total cost was similar for OR and EVAR. There were, however, important differences in patient characteristics and cost structure.