Ab initio calculation of the neutron-proton mass difference

被引：253

作者：

Borsanyi, Sz. ^{[1
]}

Durr, S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Fodor, Z. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Hoelbling, C. ^{[1
]}

Katz, S. D. ^{[3
,4
]}

Krieg, S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Lellouch, L. ^{[5
]}

Lippert, T. ^{[1
,2
]}

Portelli, A. ^{[5
,6
]}

Szabo, K. K. ^{[1
,2
]}

Toth, B. C. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, Fachbereich 9, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany

[2] Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Supercomp Ctr, D-52428 Julich, Germany

[3] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary

[4] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Lendulet Lattice Gauge Theory Res Grp, Magyar Tudomanyos Akad, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary

[5] Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Toulon, CNRS, CPT UMR 7332, F-13288 Marseille, France

[6] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England

来源：

SCIENCE | 2015年 / 347卷 / 6229期

基金：

欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

D O I：

10.1126/science.1257050

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The existence and stability of atoms rely on the fact that neutrons are more massive than protons. The measured mass difference is only 0.14% of the average of the two masses. A slightly smaller or larger value would have led to a dramatically different universe. Here, we show that this difference results from the competition between electromagnetic and mass isospin breaking effects. We performed lattice quantum-chromodynamics and quantum-electrodynamics computations with four nondegenerate Wilson fermion flavors and computed the neutron-proton mass-splitting with an accuracy of 300 kilo-electron volts, which is greater than 0 by 5 standard deviations. We also determine the splittings in the Sigma, Xi, D, and Xi(cc) isospin multiplets, exceeding in some cases the precision of experimental measurements.

引用

页码：1452 / 1455

页数：4

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