Interleukins As a Marker of Inflammation in Diabetic Foot Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Diabetic foot ulcers, one of the factors that determine the life time and quality of life in diabetic patients are one of the most frequent causes of hospitalization and surgery. In this study, we aimed to investigate the levels of interleukin (IL)- 12 P70,18, hemoglobin (Hb) A1c. and some parameters in subjects with type 2 diabetic mellitus with diabetic foot and in healthy subjects. Methods: The study was performed on three groups. They were patients with diabetic foot, with diabetes mellitus type 2 and healthy individuals (control). IL-12 P70, IL-17, and IL-18, HbA1c levels and other biochemical parameters were compared between three groups. Results: We found higher IL-17, IL-18, white blood cells, glucose and HbAlc in the diabetic group and diabetic foot group than in the control group. IL-12 P70 levels in the diabetic foot group were significantly higher than the control group. The performances in diagnosing of IL-12 P70, 17 and 18 as a biomarker for diabetic foot were found statistically significant. IL-12 P70, 17 and 18 levels in diabetic patients were not different from the levels in patients with diabetic foot. Conclusion: According to our results, IL-12 P70, IL-17 and IL-18 can be used as biomarkers for diabetic foot. Further studies arc needed to show the role of IL-12 P70, IL-17 and IL-18 levels as a biomarker in chronic inflammatory diseases.