Value of Adding Dexmedetomidine in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Celiac Plexus Neurolysis for Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Pain

Background Abdominal and back pain is present in up to 80% of patients with pancreatic cancer and represents a significant cause of morbidity. Celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN) demonstrated good results in relief of pain of upper abdominal malignancy. Dexmedetomidine is alpha-2 adrenoceptor highly selective agonist approved for procedural sedation use. Patients and Methods Fifty patients divided in two groups with locally advanced pancreatic cancer-associated abdominal pain underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided CPN using bupivacaine 0.5% alone with alcohol for the first group and bupivacaine 0.5% plus dexmedetomidine in the second. Patients scored their pain according to the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) before, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 24 week after the procedure. Results The study has included 50 patient in two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups as regards medical, laboratory, or tumor characters. The median pain score decreases from 8.32 +/- 0.75 before the procedure to 3.75 +/- 3.72 24 week after the procedure in group 1 and from 8.08 +/- 0.86 before to 1.67 +/- 2.3 24 week after the procedure in group 2. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the median pain score during the first 4 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regards the median survival time. Conclusion The addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine 0.5% in EUS-CPN demonstrated beneficial effects as regards the degree and duration of pain relieve with negligible effect on the patient survival.