Improving outcome of sepsis on the ward: introducing the 'Sepsis Six' bundle

Background The Sepsis Six bundle is designed to facilitate early intervention with three diagnostic and three therapeutic steps to be delivered within 1 h to patients with suspected sepsis. Aims and objectives To investigate the effects of delivering the 'Sepsis Six' bundle by the Critical Care Outreach team on patient outcomes. Design In a prospective observational study, all adult patients on the general wards from June 2012 to January 2014 with sepsis who were screened and treated by the Critical Care Outreach team were included. Methods The main outcome measure was the change in National Early Warning Score following the delivery of the Sepsis Six bundle within 24 h. Secondary outcomes were 90-day mortality and overall bundle compliance. Results A total of 207 patients were included in the analysis. Overall bundle compliance was 84%. National Early Warning Scores decreased significantly 24 h after administering the Sepsis Six, from 7 center dot 4 +/- 2 center dot 6 to 3 center dot 1 +/- 2 center dot 4 (p < 0 center dot 001). The distribution of the National Early Warning Score changed significantly. Mortality was lower at 90 days when patients who presented with signs of sepsis within 48 h of hospital admission were compared with those who presented with signs of sepsis after 48 h of hospital admission (14 center dot 5% versus 35 center dot 4% p < 0 center dot 03) despite similar baseline physiological variables. Conclusions We found better outcomes after the administration of Sepsis Six. Reliable delivery of the bundle, defined as 80% of patients receiving the standard of care, is achievable, and our quality improvement data suggest that it is likely to be sustainable in our environment. Relevance to clinical practice Sepsis Six can reduce physiological impairment, monitored by the National Early Warning Scores. Consistent delivery of the bundle can lead to better patient outcomes.