From the sensitive primary explosive ICM-103 to insensitive heat-resistant energetic materials through a local azide-to-amino structural modification strategy

With the increasing demand for deep mineral resources and rapid development of space exploration, the search for advanced heat-resistant energetic compounds have attracted increasing attention in the field of energetic materials. In this study, we designed and prepared two new fused aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds of 4-amino- 5-nitro-7H-pyrazolo [3,4-d][1,2,3] triazine-2-oxide (PTO) and 4-amino-7-methyl-5-nitro-7H-pyrazolo [3,4-d][1,2,3] riazine-2-oxide (MPTO) by a local structural modification on a highly sensitive initiating explosive (ICM-103). This minor structural adjustment endows PTO and MPTO with totally different properties in contrast to the starting material (ICM-103). The decomposition temperatures of PTO and MPTO reached 365.0 degrees C and 347.7 degrees C, respectively, around 200 degrees C higher than that (160.3 degrees C) of ICM-103. Moreover, PTO and MPTO also exhibit good detonation velocity (8528 m s(-1) and 8102 m s -1 , respectively) and low impact sensitivity (20 J and 18 J, respectively). The comprehensive performances of PTO and MPTO are superior to the widely used heat-resistant energetic materials HNS (T-d: 318 degrees C, D-v,: 7612 m s(-1), IS: 5 J) and PYX (T-d: 360 degrees C, D-v: 7757 m s(-1), IS: 10 J), demonstrating their important applied potentiality as novel heat-resistant energetic materials.