V-22 Osprey Unprepared Surface Short Takeoff and Landing Evaluation

Significant research was performed to understand the requirements and potential risks of operating a tiltrotor in the austere environment. 1 2 This test specifically addressed performing Short Takeoff and Landing (STOL) operations at up to 70 knots on semi and unprepared runways. A multi-phase test was planned for over a year and a half. Despite detailed preparation and multiple build up conditions, the nose gear collapsed in an unidentified sink hole at the final test location. Post analysis data showed that the nose gear failed as predicted, with loads exceeding existing load limits, however the soil bearing capacity did not meet test requirements. This collapse brought many safety "lessons learned". This paper addresses the methodology, test results, and lessons learned of testing in unfamiliar and unpredictable conditions.