Alterations in manganese level in the biological samples of young obese Saudi women

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the changes in serum manganese levels in the nails of women with obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2018 and 2019 at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, KSA. It was conducted in a convenience sample of 30 women with obesity and 40 without obesity. We obtained biological samples of nails from the participants and analysed these samples using a plasma atomic emission spectrometer to estimate the levels of manganese. A standard questionnaire containing items related to demographic features, such as address, age, education, and marital status, was used. In addition, the data on the usual consumption of water, milk, and soft drinks during a day or week, eating habits, and other health information were included in the questionnaire. Results: The results of this study show that manganese levels are significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the group with obesity at 0.34 +/- 0.06 mg/kg than in the group without obesity at 0.62 +/- 0.02 mg/kg. Regular sports activity in a week and consumption of fruit, vegetables, fish, meat, and water are significant predictors of the levels of manganese in the body. Conclusion: The study demonstrates a significant difference in the levels of manganese in the nails of obese participants compared to non-obese participants. Further studies are needed to determine whether Saudi women are at risk for manganese deficiency.