One of the simplest device realizations of the classic particle-in-the-box problem of basic quantum mechanics is the Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP). In this paper we discuss the optimization of the detector design, material growth and processing that has culminated in realization of 15 micron cutoff 128x128 QWIP focal plane array camera, hand-held and palmsize 256x256 long-wavelength QWIP cameras and 648x480 long-wavelength camera, holding forth great promise for myriad applications in 6-25 micron wavelength range in science, medicine, defense and industry. In addition, we present the recent developments in broadband QWIPs, mid-wavelength/long-wavelength dualband QWIPs, long-wavelength/very long-wavelength dualband QWIPs, and high quantum efficiency QWIPs for low background applications in 4-26 mu m wavelength region for NASA and DOD applications.