Application, Regulation, Ethical Concerns and Governance of Genome-Editing Technologies: An Overview

Genome-editing offers great potential applications in various sectors including healthcare, agriculture and environment. With the advent of CRISPR technology, which is easily available and inexpensive, the advancement in this domain has been rapid in the recent times. However, there have been various concerns raised around the possible unintended consequences of its application, particularly in reference to human germline modifications; and the associated ethical issues and challenges related to its regulation and governance. This paper discusses the genome-editing technology, its applications, existing regulatory paradigm (with special reference to India), emerging ethical concerns and challenges related to its governance. Finally, it concludes by suggesting a way forward.