Joint hierarchical placement and configuration of edge servers in C-V2X

To accommodate the high mobility and large-scale interconnection requirements of the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) and to realize low-latency and high-reliability communication in IoVs, Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) intelligent converged networks based on Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is proposed. Various types of C-V2X applications impose diverse requirements on the network in terms of communication, computation, and storage, thus the MEC platform needs to be flexibly deployed in C-V2X. We can divide the MEC platform into Roadside-edge and Area-edge layers according to the service scope and business functions, and strategically select Road Side Units (RSUs) and Macro Base Stations (MBSs) with the optimal location in the Roadside-edge and Area-edge layer to place different types of Edge Servers (ESs). In the scenario of MEC and C-V2X convergence, we consider the trade-off between the response latency of computation requests and the placement cost, and modelled the hierarchical placement and configuration of ESs based on queuing theory. To reduce the complexity of the problem and improve the efficiency of the solution, heuristic algorithms are proposed to realize the joint hierarchical placement and configuration of ESs in C-V2X from the aspects of delay-aware, suitability evaluation, and spatial clustering. Finally, the real C-V2X scenarios are simulated based on the Poisson Line Process (PLP) and Poisson Point Process (PPP), and sufficient experimental results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithms.