Double negative bend headed I-shaped metamaterial based Terahertz optical power splitter

Terahertz (THz) technology has piqued the interest of many researchers due to the fascinating characteristics of THz waves. Two new metamaterial array architectures are proposed in this paper to investigate power splitting via backward wave propagation. The first array pattern is a rectangular array arrangement, which is defined analytically and suggested as a power splitter in the TE (transverse electric) mode. From the proposed rectangular metamaterial array pattern, another cavity array structure was proposed which successfully increased DNG (double negative) response inside the metamaterial device and produced better splitting performance in the DNG condition. The unit cell and array patterns had almost identical effective parameter results, but some of them changed because the air-dielectric-metal combination was increased. The power splitter is demonstrated at the 0.91 THz frequency range where it shows the effective permittivity is -6, permeability is -6, and the refractive index is -6. At 0.94 THz, the DNG backward wave divider has negative effective parameters with an effective permittivity of -5.8, permeability of -5.8, and refractive index of -5.8.Both of the analytical structure patterns are proposed for optical power splitter and divider applications, which are used in various microwave circuits, such as mixers, balanced amplifiers, and antenna arrays.