Epidemiological comparison of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, February 2020-April 2021

被引：21

作者：

Akande, Oluwatosin Wuraola ^{[1
,2
]}

Elimian, Kelly Osezele ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Igumbor, Ehimario ^{[2
,4
,5
]}

Dunkwu, Lauryn ^{[6
]}

Kaduru, Chijioke ^{[2
,7
]}

Olopha, Olubunmi Omowunmi ^{[1
,2
]}

Ohanu, Dabri Olohije ^{[2
,4
]}

Nwozor, Lilian ^{[1
,2
]}

Agogo, Emmanuel ^{[2
,8
]}

Aruna, Olusola ^{[9
]}

Balogun, Muhammad Shakir ^{[10
]}

Aderinola, Olaolu ^{[11
]}

Ahumibe, Anthony ^{[12
]}

Arinze, Chinedu ^{[13
]}

Badaru, Sikiru Olanrewaju ^{[1
]}

Nwachukwu, William ^{[13
]}

Dada, Augustine Olajide ^{[10
]}

Erameh, Cyril ^{[14
]}

Hamza, Khadeejah ^{[15
]}

Mohammed, Tarik Benjamin ^{[4
]}

Ndodo, Nnaemeka ^{[12
]}

Obiekea, Celestina ^{[12
]}

Ofoegbunam, Chinenye ^{[13
]}

Ogunbode, Oladipo ^{[1
]}

Ohonsi, Cornelius ^{[1
,2
]}

Tobin, Ekaete Alice ^{[14
]}

Yashe, Rimamdeyati ^{[13
]}

Adekaiyaoja, Afolabi ^{[6
]}

Asuzu, Michael C. ^{[2
,16
]}

Audu, Rosemary Ajuma ^{[2
,17
]}

Bello, Muhammad Bashir ^{[2
,18
]}

Bello, Shaibu Oricha ^{[2
,19
]}

Deeni, Yusuf Yahaya ^{[2
,20
,21
]}

Disu, Yahya ^{[1
]}

Joseph, Gbenga ^{[11
]}

Ezeokafor, Chidiebere ^{[2
,22
]}

Habib, Zaiyad Garba ^{[2
,23
]}

Ibeh, Christian ^{[2
,24
]}

Ike, Ifeanyi Franklin ^{[25
]}

Iwara, Emem ^{[2
,26
]}

Luka-Lawal, Rejoice Kudirat ^{[11
]}

Namara, Geoffrey ^{[27
]}

Okwor, Tochi ^{[1
,2
]}

Olajide, Lois ^{[13
]}

Ilesanmi, Oluwafunke Olufemi ^{[2
,27
]}

Omonigho, Solomon ^{[28
]}

Oyiri, Ferdinand ^{[13
]}

Takpa, Koubagnine ^{[2
,29
]}

Ugbogulu, Nkem Usha ^{[13
]}

Ibekwe, Priscilla ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Nigeria Ctr Dis Control, Prevent Programmes & Knowledge Management, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[2] Nigeria COVID 19 Res Coalit, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[3] Karolinska Inst, Dept Global Publ Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden

[4] Nigeria Ctr Dis Control, Off Director Gen, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[5] Univ Western Cape, Sch Publ Hlth, Bellville, South Africa

[6] Tony Blair Inst Global Change, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[7] IQVIA, Abuja, Nigeria

[8] Resolve Save Lives, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[9] UK Hlth Secur Agcy, Global Operat, Int Hlth Regulat IHR Strengthening Project, London, England

[10] African Field Epidemiol Network, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[11] Nigeria Ctr Dis Control, Hlth Emergency Preparedness & Response, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[12] Nigeria Ctr Dis Control, Publ Hlth Lab Serv, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[13] Nigeria Ctr Dis Control, Surveillance & Epidemiol, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[14] Irrua Specialist Teaching Hosp, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria

[15] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Community Med, Zaria, Nigeria

[16] Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

[17] Nigerian Inst Med Res, Dept Microbiol, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria

[18] Usmanu Danfodiyo Univ, Ctr Adv Med Res & Training, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria

[19] Usmanu Danfodiyo Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Coll Hlth Sci, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria

[20] Fed Univ Dutse, Dept Microbiol & Biotechnol, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria

[21] Ctr Environm & Publ Hlth Res & Dev, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria

[22] Natl Agcy Control AIDS, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[23] Univ Abuja Teaching Hosp, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[24] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ Teaching Hosp, Dept Community Med, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

[25] eHlth Africa, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[26] Maryland Global Initiat Corp, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[27] WHO, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

[28] Univ Benin, Dept Microbiol, Benin, Edo State, Nigeria

[29] Joint United Nations Programme AIDS UNAIDS, Abuja, Federal Capital, Nigeria

来源：

BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH | 2021年 / 6卷 / 11期

关键词：

COVID-19; epidemiology; descriptive study;

D O I：

10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007076

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

Background With reports of surges in COVID-19 case numbers across over 50 countries, country-level epidemiological analysis is required to inform context-appropriate response strategies for containment and mitigation of the outbreak. We aimed to compare the epidemiological features of the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System data of the first and second epidemiological waves, which were between 27 February and 24 October 2020, and 25 October 2020 to 3 April 2021, respectively. Descriptive statistical measures including frequencies and percentages, test positivity rate (TPR), cumulative incidence (CI) and case fatality rates (CFRs) were compared. A p value of Results There were 802 143 tests recorded during the study period (362 550 and 439 593 in the first and second waves, respectively). Of these, 66 121 (18.2%) and 91 644 (20.8%) tested positive in the first and second waves, respectively. There was a 21.3% increase in the number of tests conducted in the second wave with TPR increasing by 14.3%. CI during the first and second waves were 30.3/100 000 and 42.0/100 000 respectively. During the second wave, confirmed COVID-19 cases increased among females and people 30 years old or younger and decreased among urban residents and individuals with travel history within 14 days of sample collection (p value <0.001). Most confirmed cases were asymptomatic at diagnosis during both waves: 74.9% in the first wave; 79.7% in the second wave. CFR decreased during the second wave (0.7%) compared with the first wave (1.8%). Conclusion Nigeria experienced a larger but less severe second wave of COVID-19. Continued implementation of public health and social measures is needed to mitigate the resurgence of another wave.

引用

页数：14

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