A Trial on The Effects of Magnesium-Zinc-Calcium-Vitamin D Co-Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Markers of Cardio-Metabolic Risk in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Background: There is scarce data on the effects of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation on glycemic control and markers of cardio-metabolic risk among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The objective of this study was to assess the effects of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation on glycemic control and markers of cardio-metabolic risk in women with PCOS. Methods: Sixty PCOS women were randomized into two groups and treated with 100 mg of magnesium, 4 mg of zinc, 400 mg of calcium plus 200 IU of vitamin D supplements (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) twice a day for 12 weeks. Glycemic control and markers of cardio-metabolic risk were assessed at baseline and at the end of trial. Results: After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation supplementation resulted in significant reductions in serum insulin levels (-1.9 +/- 4.6 vs. +0.4 +/- 2.8 mu IU/mL, P = 0.01), and homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance (-0.4 +/- 1.0 vs. +0.1 +/- 0.6, P = 0.02), as well as a significant increase in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.01 +/- 0.02 vs. -0.0003 +/- 0.01, P = 0.02). In addition, magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation significantly decreased serum triglycerides (-26.5 +/- 42.9 vs. +8.9 +/- 17.9 mg/dL, P < 0.001), VLDL-cholesterol concentrations (-5.3 +/- 8.6 vs. +1.8 +/- 3.6 mg/dL, P < 0.001), total cholesterol (-4.2 +/- 30.7 vs. +11.1 +/- 28.4 mg/dL, P = 0.04) and total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (-0.04 +/- 0.6 vs. +0.3 +/- 0.9, P = 0.04) compared with the placebo. Conclusions: Overall, the results of this study demonstrated that magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation for 12 weeks among patients with PCOS had beneficial effects on insulin metabolism and markers of cardio-metabolic risk.