Ground-Based Optical Measurements at European Flux Sites: A Review of Methods, Instruments and Current Controversies

被引：1

作者：

Balzarolo, Manuela ^{[1
]}

Anderson, Karen ^{[2
]}

Nichol, Caroline ^{[3
]}

Rossini, Micol ^{[4
]}

Vescovo, Loris ^{[5
]}

Arriga, Nicola ^{[1
]}

Wohlfahrt, Georg ^{[6
]}

Calvet, Jean-Christophe ^{[7
]}

Carrara, Arnaud ^{[8
]}

Cerasoli, Sofia ^{[9
]}

Cogliati, Sergio ^{[4
]}

Daumard, Fabrice ^{[10
]}

Eklundh, Lars ^{[11
]}

Elbers, Jan A. ^{[12
]}

Evrendilek, Fatih ^{[13
]}

Handcock, Rebecca N. ^{[14
]}

Kaduk, Joerg ^{[15
]}

Klumpp, Katja ^{[16
]}

Longdoz, Bernard ^{[17
]}

Matteucci, Giorgio ^{[18
]}

Meroni, Michele ^{[4
,19
]}

Montagnani, Lenoardo ^{[20
,21
]}

Ourcival, Jean-Marc ^{[22
]}

Sanchez-Canete, Enrique P. ^{[23
]}

Pontailler, Jean-Yves ^{[24
]}

Juszczak, Radoslaw ^{[25
]}

Scholes, Bob ^{[26
]}

Pilar Martin, M. ^{[27
]}

机构：

[1] DIBAF Univ Tuscia, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy

[2] Univ Exeter, Dept Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England

[3] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland

[4] DISAT Univ Milan Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy

[5] CRI Fdn E Mach, Trento, Italy

[6] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Okol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

[7] CNRS, CNRM GAME Meteo France, URA 1357, F-31057 Toulouse 1, France

[8] Fdn CEAM, SP-46980 Valencia, Spain

[9] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Sch Agr, Forest Res Ctr, P-1349017 Lisbon, Portugal

[10] Ecole Polytech, Meteorol Dynam Lab, Palaiseau, France

[11] Lund Univ, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden

[12] ESS CC Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands

[13] Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-14280 Bolu, Turkey

[14] CSIRO, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia

[15] Univ Leicester, Dept Geog, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England

[16] INRA, UR874, Grassland Ecosyst Res Unite, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France

[17] INRA, Ctr Nancy, UMR1137, F-54280 Champenoux, France

[18] CNR, Inst Agr & Forestry Syst Mediterranean, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy

[19] European Commiss, DG JRC, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Monitoring Agr Resources Unit, I-21027 Ispra, Varese, Italy

[20] Forest Serv & Agcy Environm, Bolzano, Italy

[21] Free Univ Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, Bolzano, Italy

[22] DREAM CEFE CNRS, UMR5175, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France

[23] IAA CSIC, Granada 18008, Spain

[24] Univ Paris Sud Orsay, CNRS URA 1492, Ecol Vegetale Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France

[25] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Dept Meteorol, PL-60649 Poznan, Poland

[26] CSIR, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa

[27] CCHS CSIC, Madrid 28037, Spain

来源：

SENSORS | 2011年 / 11卷 / 08期

基金：

英国自然环境研究理事会;

关键词：

optical measurements; sensors; protocol standardisation; European flux networks; VEGETATION INDEXES; CO2; FLUXES; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; RESOLUTION NDVI; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FOOTPRINT; SPECTROMETERS; CALIBRATION; EFFICIENCY; PHENOLOGY;

D O I：

10.3390/s110807954

中图分类号：

O65 [分析化学];

学科分类号：

070302 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

This paper reviews the currently available optical sensors, their limitations and opportunities for deployment at Eddy Covariance (EC) sites in Europe. This review is based on the results obtained from an online survey designed and disseminated by the Co-cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ESO903-"Spectral Sampling Tools for Vegetation Biophysical Parameters and Flux Measurements in Europe" that provided a complete view on spectral sampling activities carried out within the different research teams in European countries. The results have highlighted that a wide variety of optical sensors are in use at flux sites across Europe, and responses further demonstrated that users were not always fully aware of the key issues underpinning repeatability and the reproducibility of their spectral measurements. The key findings of this survey point towards the need for greater awareness of the need for standardisation and development of a common protocol of optical sampling at the European EC sites.

引用

页码：7954 / 7981

页数：28

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[31] Characterization of fine resolution field spectrometers using solar Fraunhofer lines and atmospheric absorption features [J].