Comparative Analysis on Rhizosphere Soil and Endophytic Microbial Communities of Two Cultivars of Cyperus esculentus L. Var. Sativus

Microbial communities in rhizosphere and endosphere play a pivotal role in plant ecosystems. However, the microbial diversity and community composition of different compartments from Cyperus esculentus L. var. Sativus (C. esculentus L.) remain largely unknown. Four plant compartments were collected at two cultivars from C. esculentus L. and the 16 s rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing was employed for revealing the microbiomes related to diverse plant compartments. The results indicated that the effect of cultivars on bacterial and fungal abundance was not significant, except for "Round grain stem" and "Long grain stem" samples. The bacterial and fungal alpha-diversity within "Rhizosphere soil" showed significant differences compared with additional plant compartments. The result of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that both bacterial and fungal compositions were obviously affected by plant compartments. Gammaproteobacteria and Dothideo-mycetes abundance of "Stem" was the highest among other plant compartments and bulk soil, whereas Actinobacteria and Sordariomycetes showed the lowest abundance. Thermoleophilia, Pezizomycetes, and Chytridiomycetes were significantly enriched in "Rhizosphere soil." "Root" had higher relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Agaricomycetes, whereas Tremellomycetes were significantly decreased. Bacteroidia and Agaricomycetes were significantly enriched in "Seed." Finally, the functional features of bacterial and fungal communities associated with plant compartments of C. esculentus L. were determined. Findings in the present work shed light on the composition and function of microorganisms in different compartments of C. esculentus L. As such, it provided a basis for further studying the interaction mechanism between microbial community and plants.