Tillage, Crop Rotation and Crop Residue Management Effects on Nutrient Availability in a Sweet Sorghum-Based Cropping System in Marginal Soils of South Africa

被引:46
作者
Malobane, Mashapa E. [1 ,2 ]
Nciizah, Adornis D. [1 ]
Mudau, Fhatuwani N. [2 ,3 ]
Wakindiki, Isaiah I. C. [2 ]
机构
[1] Agr Res Council, Soil Climate & Water, P Bag X79, ZA-0083 Pretoria, South Africa
[2] Univ South Africa, Dept Agr & Anim Hlth, Private Bag X6, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa
[3] Univ Kwazulu Natal, Sch Agr Earth & Environm Sci, P Bag X01, ZA-4041 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
来源
AGRONOMY-BASEL | 2020年 / 10卷 / 06期
基金
新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词
soil nitrogen; cation exchange capacity; extractable bases; fertility; conservation agriculture; LOAM OAKLEAF SOIL; CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE; EASTERN CAPE; ORGANIC-CARBON; FARMING SYSTEMS; HAPLIC CAMBISOL; NO-TILL; YIELD; LONG; MAIZE;
D O I
10.3390/agronomy10060776
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
The low soil fertility status of South African marginal soils threatens sustainable production of biofuel feedstock in smallholder farmers. It is therefore imperative to development sustainable and optimal management practices that improve soil fertility. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of tillage, rotation and crop residue management on nutrient availability in a bioenergy sweet sorghum-based cropping system in marginal soils. Two tillage levels, no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT); two crop rotations, sweet sorghum-grazing vetch-sweet sorghum (SVS) and sweet sorghum-fallow-sweet sorghum (SFS); and three crop residue retention levels, 0%, 15% and 30%, were tested. No-till enhanced total nitrogen, total organic nitrogen (TON), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) by 3.19% to 45% compared to CT. SVS rotation increased ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3--N) by 3.42% to 5.98% compared to SFS. A 30% crop residue retention increased NH4+-N, NO3--N, available phosphorus (Available P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium (Ca), Mg and potassium (K) by 3.58% to 31.94% compared to crop residue removal. In the short term, a 30% crop residue retention was the main treatment that enhanced soil fertility. The application of NT-30% was a better practice to enhance soil fertility. However, research on inclusion of crop diversity/intercropping can add more value to the NT-30% practice in enhancing soil fertility.
引用
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页数:13
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