Role of Platelet Parameters on Neovascular Glaucoma: A Retrospective Case-Control Study in China

Purpose Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are two major sight-threatening diseases which may lead to neovascular glaucoma (NVG). The aim of this study was to explore the association between platelet parameters and NVG. Methods A total of 185 subjects were enrolled for the study from January, 2012 to December, 2015 at the Eye-ENT Hospital of Fudan University. Patients include those with NVG secondary to RVO (RVO group, n = 38), patients with NVG secondary to DR (DR group, n = 47), diabetics mellitus without retinopathy (DM group, n = 52), and healthy individuals (control group, n = 48). A complete ophthalmological examination including visual field examination, A-scan ultrasound, Fundus photography, and measurement of platelet parameters were performed for NVG subjects. Results There was no statistical difference in the mean age and gender among the RVO, DR, and control groups (p>0.05). The mean level of platelet distribution width (PDW) was higher (p<0.001) in the RVO group (15.16 +/- 2.13fl) and DR group (16.17 +/- 1.66fl) when compared with the control group (13.77 +/- 2.99fl). The mean plateletcrit (PCT) value of the RVO group (0.229 +/- 0.063%) was also higher (p = 0.049) than the control group (0.199 +/- 0.045). In the DR group, mean platelet volume (MPV) value (10.72 +/- 1.57fl) was significantly higher (p = 0.002) than the control group (9.75 +/- 0.89fl). A similar trend was observed when platelet parameters were compared among the 3 groups with respect to age. The mean level of PDW was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the DR group (16.17 +/- 1.66fl) compared with the DM group (13.80 +/- 3.32fl). Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that PDW (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.149-1.805, p = 0.002) and MPV (OR = 1.503, 95% CI = 1.031-2.192, p = 0.034) were associated with the DR group, PDW (OR = 1.207, 95% CI = 1.010-1.443, p = 0.039) and PCT (OR = 1.663, 95% CI = 1.870-2.654, p = 0.036) were associated with the RVO group. Conclusion Our results suggest that increased PDW and MPV are associated with the NVG secondary to DR group, elevated PDW and PCT are associated with the RVO group. It indicates that platelets might be an important factor in the onset and/or development of NVG.